Copper base alloy



0611.2, 1934. I J w c I I 1,975,216

COPPER BASE ALLOY Filed ,Aug. 12. 1932 $0, 81; @mperafure quarfers of an hour- Jnvenfor:

Patented Oct. 2, 1934 PATENT OFFIC COPPER BASE ALLOY Joseph Wecker, Aachen, Germany Application August 12, 1932, Serial No. 628,541 In Germany August 18, 1931 1 Claim.

There have already been proposed materials, consisting of copper alloys for bearing brasses directly adjacent to the axle journal in axle bearings of rail vehicles, which possess the property of slight wearing-strength, in the case of which there no longer takes place a cold-welding action between the bearing brass and the axle journal and which possess an extraordinarily high sliding-capacity or superficial smoothness. Through 10 these qualities there results the possibility of assembling the bearing brasses after manufacture directly on the axle journals and immediately to run the axle bearing without touching up the axle brass and without carrying out a 1 running-in operation apart from ordinary running. The present invention is based on additional knowledge which has in the meantime been obtained in the sphere of v copper alloys havingsliding capacity. It has been found that an alloy, consisting of 20-30 per cent lead by weight, 1 to 7 per cent manganese by weight, 1 to 5 per cent nickel by weight, and chiefly copper as the remainder, has proved to be very satisfactory for bearing brasses which must rest directly upon the axle journal in axle bearings of rail vehicles. It has been found thatreplacing the copper by comparatively small portions of other substances does not affect the fundamentally advantageous properties of the said alloy; it is readily possible to replace the copper by 1 to 5 per cent tin and/or by 1 to 5 per cent antimony.

The drawing shows the temperature-time curve of an alloy which according to these points of view consists of 20 per cent lead by weight, 1 per.

cent. manganese by weight, 3 per cent nickel by weight, 3 per cent. antimony by weight, and

traces (0.3%) of sodium.

It is shown that even after 3 hours a state of permanence is attained in-the case of which only 27-28 C. super-temperature obtains. Hitherto all alloys showed a so-called running-in peak, that is, an extraordinarily high rise in temperature before attaining the state of permanence. In this interval of high running-in temperatures, the lubricating medium was already so disadvantageously influenced, or deteriorated, that a state of permanence came about which, in consequence of the poor lubricating capacity of the lubricating medium spoilt during the running-in, lay far higher than that now attained. Consequently such alloys were not adaptedto be used directly on the axle journal without touching up and with I out running-in apart from normal running. I The favourable results which resulted in the case of the characterized alloy having 20 per cent lead by weight, 1 per cent manganese by weight, 3 percent nickel by weight, 3 per cent antimony by weight, and traces of sodium were in general in the range of the alloys having, 20-30 per cent lead by weight, 1-7 per cent manganese by weight, 1-5 per cent nickel by weight, and copper as a remainder, the results being able to be still 'somewhat improved by additions of tin and antimony.

I 'claim:- 4 An alloy'for bearing brasses directly adjacent to the axle journal in axle bearings of rail vehicles, comprising by weight 20 to 30 per cent lead, 1 to '1 percent manganese, 1 to 5 per cent nickel and the remainder substantially copper.

JOSEPH WECKER. 

